Study questions

Carnap "Empiricism, Semantics, and Ontology"

  1. It is crucial that you understand these two main distinctions: internal vs. external questions, acceptance vs. belief.
  2. What is a framework?
  3. How are internal questions different from external questions?
  4. How do we decide which entities exist within a framework?
  5. What is the difference between asking whether there is a prime number between 90 and 100, and asking whether there really are numbers?
  6. What does it mean to accept the thing language? Why does Carnap say "If someone decides to accept the thing language, there is no objection against saying that he has accepted the world of things."
  7. Which claim do you think Carnap would agree: (a) Empiricists can accept abstract entities; (b) Empiricists can believe in the existence of abstract entities.
  8. Why does Carnap say that external questions are devoid of cognitive content?
  9. What if someone says: There are no external questions. All questions are relative to a framework. How do you think Carnap would response?
  10. Do you agree that the choice of alternative framework should be a matter of efficiency? If a framework is really efficient, isn't this one good reason for thinking that it is really true?

Further readings

  • Quine (1951) "On Carnap's views on ontology". Reprinted in Quine (1966) The Ways of Paradox and other Essays Harvard.